Mesothelioma Not Caused by Asbestos People with an asbestos-related history are at risk of developing mesothelioma. Asbestos fibers that adhere to the lung linings (pleura) can cause malignant mesothelioma. Consult a doctor if have signs or symptoms of mesothelioma. Inform them of your asbestos exposure history. Epithelioid Mesothelioma is a